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<!-- Creation Date :2023-04-27T10:53:16.8675+00:00 -->
<!-- Copyright (c) 2023 Donnelly Financial Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -->
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  <xsd:element id="achc_DisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationTransactionRelatedExpenses" name="DisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationTransactionRelatedExpenses" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_ExpectedRepayOfPayrollTaxDeferrals" name="ExpectedRepayOfPayrollTaxDeferrals" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_GovernmentReliefFundsLiabilityCurrent" name="GovernmentReliefFundsLiabilityCurrent" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_IncomeFromProviderReliefFund" name="IncomeFromProviderReliefFund" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_IncreaseDecreaseInGovernmentReliefFunds" name="IncreaseDecreaseInGovernmentReliefFunds" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_IncrementalDebtAmountMaximumPercentageOfConsolidatedEBITDA" name="IncrementalDebtAmountMaximumPercentageOfConsolidatedEBITDA" type="dtr-types:percentItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillAccumulatedAmortization" name="IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillAccumulatedAmortization" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_InitialReliefReceived" name="InitialReliefReceived" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_IntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortizationCarryingAmount" name="IntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortizationCarryingAmount" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_LegalAccountingAndOtherAcquisitionRelatedCosts" name="LegalAccountingAndOtherAcquisitionRelatedCosts" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_LeverageRatio" name="LeverageRatio" type="dtr-types:percentItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_ManagementTransitionCosts" name="ManagementTransitionCosts" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_MaximumConsolidatedNetLeverageRatio" name="MaximumConsolidatedNetLeverageRatio" type="dtr-types:percentItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_MaximumIncrementalDebtAmount" name="MaximumIncrementalDebtAmount" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_MinimumInterestCoverageRatio" name="MinimumInterestCoverageRatio" type="dtr-types:percentItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_NetProceedsFromDivestitureOfBusinessesBeforeCashRetainedByBuyer" name="NetProceedsFromDivestitureOfBusinessesBeforeCashRetainedByBuyer" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_NumberOfAcuteInpatientHospitals" name="NumberOfAcuteInpatientHospitals" type="xbrli:integerItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_NumberOfBeds" name="NumberOfBeds" type="xbrli:integerItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_NumberOfFacilities" name="NumberOfFacilities" type="xbrli:integerItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_NumberOfFacilitiesOperatedByNonWhollyOwnedSubsidiaries" name="NumberOfFacilitiesOperatedByNonWhollyOwnedSubsidiaries" type="xbrli:integerItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_NumberOfFacilitiesOperatedThroughNonWhollyOwnedSubsidiaries" name="NumberOfFacilitiesOperatedThroughNonWhollyOwnedSubsidiaries" type="xbrli:integerItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_NumberOfOutpatientLocations" name="NumberOfOutpatientLocations" type="xbrli:integerItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossDiscontinuedOperationGainLossFromDisposalOfDiscontinuedOperationNetOfTax" name="OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossDiscontinuedOperationGainLossFromDisposalOfDiscontinuedOperationNetOfTax" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_PaymentOfDebtBreakageCosts" name="PaymentOfDebtBreakageCosts" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_PercentageOfDecreaseInMedicareReimbursementRate" name="PercentageOfDecreaseInMedicareReimbursementRate" type="dtr-types:percentItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_PercentageOfIncreaseInMedicareReimbursementRate" name="PercentageOfIncreaseInMedicareReimbursementRate" type="dtr-types:percentItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_PercentageOfNetHealthCareOrganizationRevenue" name="PercentageOfNetHealthCareOrganizationRevenue" type="dtr-types:percentItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_ProceedsFromPaymentsForRepurchaseOfSharesForPayrollTaxWithholdingNetOfProceedsFromStockOptionExercises" name="ProceedsFromPaymentsForRepurchaseOfSharesForPayrollTaxWithholdingNetOfProceedsFromStockOptionExercises" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_RemainingUnrecognizedProviderReliefFunds" name="RemainingUnrecognizedProviderReliefFunds" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_RepaymentsOfMedicareAdvancePayments" name="RepaymentsOfMedicareAdvancePayments" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_RepurchaseOfSharesForPayrollTaxWithholdingNetOfProceedsFromStockOptionExercises" name="RepurchaseOfSharesForPayrollTaxWithholdingNetOfProceedsFromStockOptionExercises" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAward" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAward" type="dtr-types:percentItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsPerformanceAdjustment" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsPerformanceAdjustment" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsPerformanceAdjustmentWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsPerformanceAdjustmentWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" type="dtr-types:perShareItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodAggregateIntrinsicValue" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodAggregateIntrinsicValue" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantedWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantedWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm" type="xbrli:durationItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodIntrinsicValue" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodIntrinsicValue" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentStockOptionsGrantedTerm" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentStockOptionsGrantedTerm" type="xbrli:durationItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_TotalReliefToEligibleHealthcareProviders" name="TotalReliefToEligibleHealthcareProviders" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_WorkersCompensationDeposits" name="WorkersCompensationDeposits" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_CARESActLineItems" name="CARESActLineItems" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_ScheduleOfFiniteAndIndefiniteLivedOtherIntangibleAssetsLineItems" name="ScheduleOfFiniteAndIndefiniteLivedOtherIntangibleAssetsLineItems" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_AcuteInpatientPsychiatricFacilitiesMember" name="AcuteInpatientPsychiatricFacilitiesMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_AmendedAndRestatedCreditAgreementMember" name="AmendedAndRestatedCreditAgreementMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_AmericanRescuePlanMember" name="AmericanRescuePlanMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_CenterPointeBehavioralHealthSystemLLCMember" name="CenterPointeBehavioralHealthSystemLLCMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_CentersForMedicareAndMedicaidServicesCARESActAcceleratedAndAdvancePaymentProgramMember" name="CentersForMedicareAndMedicaidServicesCARESActAcceleratedAndAdvancePaymentProgramMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_CertificateOfNeedMember" name="CertificateOfNeedMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_CMSAcceleratedAndAdvancePaymentProgramMember" name="CMSAcceleratedAndAdvancePaymentProgramMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_CommercialMember" name="CommercialMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_ComprehensiveTreatmentCentersMember" name="ComprehensiveTreatmentCentersMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_CoronavirusAidReliefAndEconomicSecurityActMember" name="CoronavirusAidReliefAndEconomicSecurityActMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_CreditFacilityMember" name="CreditFacilityMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_FivePointFiveZeroZeroPercentSeniorNotesDueTwoThousandTwentyEightMember" name="FivePointFiveZeroZeroPercentSeniorNotesDueTwoThousandTwentyEightMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_FivePointFiveZeroZeroPercentsSeniorNotesDueTwoThousandTwentyEightMember" name="FivePointFiveZeroZeroPercentsSeniorNotesDueTwoThousandTwentyEightMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_FivePointSixTwoFivePercentageSeniorNotesDueTwoThousandTwentyThreeMember" name="FivePointSixTwoFivePercentageSeniorNotesDueTwoThousandTwentyThreeMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_FivePointZeroZeroZeroPercentSeniorNotesDueTwoThousandTwentyNineMember" name="FivePointZeroZeroZeroPercentSeniorNotesDueTwoThousandTwentyNineMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_FivePointZeroZeroZeroPercentsSeniorNotesDueTwoThousandTwentyNineMember" name="FivePointZeroZeroZeroPercentsSeniorNotesDueTwoThousandTwentyNineMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_MedicaidMember" name="MedicaidMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_MedicareMember" name="MedicareMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_NonWhollyOwnedSubsidiariesMember" name="NonWhollyOwnedSubsidiariesMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_OtherPayorMember" name="OtherPayorMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_PublicHealthAndSocialServicesEmergencyFundMember" name="PublicHealthAndSocialServicesEmergencyFundMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_RedemptionOfFivePointSixTwoFivePercentageAndSixPointFiveZeroZeroPercentageSeniorNotesMember" name="RedemptionOfFivePointSixTwoFivePercentageAndSixPointFiveZeroZeroPercentageSeniorNotesMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_RedemptionOfFivePointSixTwoFivePercentageSeniorNotesMember" name="RedemptionOfFivePointSixTwoFivePercentageSeniorNotesMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_RedemptionOfSixPointFiveZeroZeroPercentageSeniorNotesMember" name="RedemptionOfSixPointFiveZeroZeroPercentageSeniorNotesMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_ResidentialTreatmentCentersMember" name="ResidentialTreatmentCentersMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_RestrictedStockAwardMember" name="RestrictedStockAwardMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_SelfPayorMember" name="SelfPayorMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_SixPointFiveZeroZeroPercentSeniorNotesDueTwoThousandTwentyFourMember" name="SixPointFiveZeroZeroPercentSeniorNotesDueTwoThousandTwentyFourMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_SpecialtyTreatmentFacilitiesMember" name="SpecialtyTreatmentFacilitiesMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_SwinglineCreditFacilityMember" name="SwinglineCreditFacilityMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_TermLoanAFacilityMember" name="TermLoanAFacilityMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_UKSalesMember" name="UKSalesMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_UnitedStatesFacilitiesMember" name="UnitedStatesFacilitiesMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_CARESActTable" name="CARESActTable" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrldt:hypercubeItem" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_ScheduleOfFiniteAndIndefiniteLivedOtherIntangibleAssetsTable" name="ScheduleOfFiniteAndIndefiniteLivedOtherIntangibleAssetsTable" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrldt:hypercubeItem" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_ScheduleOfFiniteAndIndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock" name="ScheduleOfFiniteAndIndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_ScheduleOfRevenueFromContractWithCustomerByPayorTypeTableTextBlock" name="ScheduleOfRevenueFromContractWithCustomerByPayorTypeTableTextBlock" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="achc_TheCARESActTextBlock" name="TheCARESActTextBlock" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
</xsd:schema>
